This story has been updated since it was originally published on 08/09/23 to include an additional medication
Medications play a crucial role in managing a wide range of health conditions, from chronic illnesses to acute ailments. However, an often overlooked aspect of medication use is their potential to influence body weight. Many medications, both prescription and over-the-counter, have been associated with weight gain as a side effect. This connection between medications and weight gain underscores the complex interplay between our physiological systems and the substances we ingest.
Understanding how certain medications can impact weight can lead to more informed healthcare decisions and proactive strategies for maintaining a healthy body weight while effectively managing health conditions.
In order to learn about three medications that could lead to weight gain, we spoke with Alexandra L. Kharazi, MD and nutritionist Krutika Nanavati. They revealed that beta blockers, steroids, and antidepressants two culprits in this case. Read on to learn more.
1. Beta Blockers
Beta blockers, a class of medications commonly prescribed to manage conditions like hypertension (high blood pressure), angina (chest pain), and certain heart rhythm disorders, have been associated with weight gain in some individuals. The mechanism behind this potential side effect lies in the way beta blockers interact with the body's metabolism and hormonal balance. These medications can slow down the heart rate and reduce the body's metabolic rate, which might lead to a decrease in calorie expenditure. "These are often used to treat high blood pressure. A common side affect of these is fatigue and when people decrease activity and exercise less, they can gain more weight. Some data also suggests these slow metabolism," Kharazi states.
2. Steroids
Steroids, often prescribed to treat various medical conditions such as inflammation, autoimmune disorders, and hormone imbalances, can be associated with weight gain as a notable side effect. The mechanism behind this weight gain is multifaceted. Steroids can increase appetite and cravings, leading to overeating and excess calorie consumption.
Kharazi explains that she often sees these "used to treat certain types lung disease and they cause fluid retention and increase appetite. In particular the face can become more full and appear rounder."
The degree of weight gain varies among individuals and depends on factors such as the type and dosage of steroids used, as well as the duration of treatment. Close monitoring by a healthcare professional and adopting healthy lifestyle practices can help mitigate steroid-related weight gain and its potential impact on overall health.
3. Antidepressants
Medication used to treat depression, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), may also lead to weight gain by affecting metabolism and appetite. Nanavati explains that "how these medications impact weight is intricate and may differ from person to person, often involving changes in appetite or a direct influence on metabolic processes." Individuals who take antidepressants may experience increased appetite or cravings for high-calorie foods, she tells us.
Of course, this is no reason to skip your antidepressant if it is prescribed by a doctor. However, if weight gain is a specific concern of yours, it's a good idea to speak to your doctor about the best medication options for you. "Regular monitoring of weight and dietary intake is recommended. Consultation with a healthcare provider for alternative medications or dosages may also be beneficial," Nanavati says.
Bottom line
Ultimately, the fear of weight gain alone should not keep you from taking a medication prescribed by a healthcare provider. But, as Nanavati notes, "Balancing medication benefits against side effects like weight gain is critical in managing health." Luckily, there are many steps you can take to manage your weight while taking these medications, such as establishing an exercise routine, adjusting your diet, and regularly consulting with your doctor. "Healthcare professionals can offer tailored advice and adjustments to minimize adverse effects while treating the underlying condition effectively," Nanavati concludes.
